Speaking 4
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Sustainability
Most economic systems work to maximize the use of limited resources, often without great attention to the harmful effects such use may have. Sustainability relates to the management of resources to limit the negative impact placed on the environment. Sustainable practices aim to achieve the best balance possible between the use of resources and their maintenance for future generations. With these practices, businesses attempt to attain the greatest amount of profit possible by exploiting resources while managing them in a way that will allow both the business to continue well into the future and future generations to enjoy the same resources.
Question: Explain sustainability by using the example of the printing company provided by the professor.
Preparation time: 30 seconds
Response time: 60 seconds
Model for question 4 (step 1) The article talks about . . .
(step 2) which the passage describes as . . .
(step 3) The lecture provides an example of . . . to illustrate this.
(step 4) The professor explains that . . . He states that . . .
2nd Reading (from the 2nd step of our 6 step system to raise your TOEFL score; click to learn more) Illusion of Transparency
In social situations, people tend to overestimate the degree to which those around them can perceive their internal feelings and emotions. They often feel that they are displaying their positive and negative feelings more clearly and perceptibly to the people around them than they actually are. This is called the illusion of transparency. When this occurs, people believe that they are clearly expressing their emotional and mental states to others, but in fact, they have an inflated perception of the ability of others to understand exactly what they are feeling.
Question: Explain the concept of Illusion of Transparency using the example discussed in the lecture.
Preparation time: 30 seconds
Response time: 60 seconds
Model for question 4
(step 1) The article talks about . . .
(step 2) which the passage describes as . . .
(step 3) The lecture provides an example of . . . to illustrate this.
(step 4) The professor explains that . . . He states that . . .
Adaptive Reuse
Over time, many buildings become old, run-down, and outdated. They outlive their original purposes and become a burden for their communities. Rather than spend a large amount of money to tear down these buildings and construct newer, more useful ones, neighborhoods can deal with this problem through adaptive reuse. In this process, such buildings are adapted for new purposes. The overall structure of the building is maintained, but some important modifications are made to adapt it for its new use, giving the building a new function while significantly reducing costs in the process.
Question: Explain adaptive reuse by using the example of the power plant provided by the professor.
Preparation time: 30 seconds
Response time: 60 seconds
Model for question 4
(step 1) The article talks about . . .
(step 2) which the passage describes as . . .
(step 3) The lecture provides an example of . . . to illustrate this.
(step 4) The professor explains that . . . He states that . . .
last updated (9/3/2009)
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